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Hartlepool ( or ) is a town in County Durham on the North Sea coast of North East England, north of Middlesbrough and south of Sunderland. The Borough of Hartlepool includes outlying suburban villages including Seaton Carew, Greatham and Elwick. Hartlepool was founded in the 7th century AD, around the Northumbrian monastery of Hartlepool Abbey. The village grew in the Middle Ages and its harbour served as the official port of the County Palatine of Durham. After a railway link from the north was established from the South Durham coal fields, an additional link from the south, in 1835, together with a new port, resulted in further expansion, with the new town of West Hartlepool.〔(Ordnance Survey plan of the 'Hartlepools' )〕 Industrialisation and the start of a shipbuilding industry in the later part of the 19th century caused Hartlepool to be a target for the German Navy at the beginning of the First World War. A bombardment of 1,150 shells on 16 December 1914 resulted in the death of 117 people. A severe decline in heavy industries and shipbuilding following the Second World War caused periods of high unemployment until the 1990s when major investment projects and the redevelopment of the docks area into a marina saw a rise in the town's prospects. ==Origins of name== The place name derives from Old English *''heort-ieg'' "hart island", referring to stags seen, and ''pol'', "pool". Records of the place-name from early sources confirm this: * 649: ''Heretu, or Hereteu'' * 1017: ''Herterpol, or Hertelpolle'' * 1182: ''Hierdepol'' 'Hart' is the Old English name for a stag or deer (which appears on the town's crest) and 'le pool' meant 'by the sea', implying that people moved here to hunt where there were deer by the sea and those people eventually settled there. The submerged early postglacial forest below the current high water mark provides proof that there was, indeed, a prehistoric forest by the sea. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hartlepool」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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